Solution

Cathode rays come from the cathode because the cathode is charged negatively. So, these rays strike and ionize the gas sample inside the container. The electrons that are ejected from gas ionization travel to the anode. These rays are electrons that are actually produced from the gas ionization inside the tube.



Important properties of cathode rays are :

Property $$1$$: Cathode rays travel in a straight line and can cast sharp shadows.

Property $$2$$: Cathode rays are negatively charged.

Property $$3$$: Electric field and magnetic field deflect cathode rays.

Property $$4$$: They are produced at the cathode (negatively charged electrode) and travel towards the anode (positively charged electrode) in a vacuum tube.

Property $$5$$: The properties of cathode rays do not depend on the electrodes and the gas used in the vacuum tube.

Property $$6$$: Speed of cathode rays is slower than light.

Property $$7$$: The objects hit by cathode rays get heated.

Property $$8$$: They can penetrate through thin metal plates.

Property $$9$$: Phosphors glow when cathode rays fall on them.

Property $$10$$: Gas gets ionized by cathode rays.

Property $$11$$: Cathode rays are $$180$$ times lighter than hydrogen, the lightest element.