Single Choice

Let the volume of a parallelopiped whose coterminous edges are given by $$\vec{u} = \hat{i} + \hat{j} + \lambda \hat{k}, \vec{v} = \hat{i} + \hat{j} + 3\hat{k}$$ and $$\\ \vec{w} = 2\hat{i} + \hat{j} + \hat{k}$$ be $$1 cu$$. units. If $$\theta$$ be the angle between the edge $$\vec{u}$$ and $$\vec{w}$$, then $$\cos \theta$$ can be:

A$$\dfrac{5}{7}$$
B$$\dfrac{5}{3\sqrt{3}}$$
C$$\dfrac{7}{6\sqrt{6}}$$
D$$\dfrac{7}{6\sqrt{3}}$$
Correct Answer

Solution

Given, $$\vec{u} = \hat{i} + \hat{j} + \lambda \hat{k}$$, $$\vec{v} = \hat{i} + \hat{j} + 3\hat{k}$$ $$\vec{w} = 2\hat{i} + \hat{j} + \hat{k}$$ Volume of parallelopied $$= u.(\vec{v} \times \vec{w}) = [\vec{u} \,\vec{v}\, \vec{w}]$$ $$= \begin{vmatrix} 1&1 &\lambda \\ 1& 1&\lambda \\2 & 1 & 1\end{vmatrix}$$ $$= 1(1-3)-1(1-6)+\lambda(1-2) -2 + 5 + (-\lambda)3-\lambda$$ so, Given volume $$= \pm 1$$ taking (+) sign $$3-\lambda = 1$$ $$\lambda = 2$$ Angle between $$\vec{u} $$ and $$\vec{w}$$ $$\cos \theta = \dfrac{\vec{u}.\vec{w}}{|\vec{u}|. |\vec{w}|} = \dfrac{(i + j + 2k).(2i + j + k)}{\sqrt{1+1+4} . \sqrt{4+1+1}}$$ $$= \dfrac{2+1+2}{\sqrt{5}. \sqrt{5}}$$ $$= \dfrac{5}{5} =1$$ Taking $$(-)$$ sign $$3-\lambda = -1$$ $$\lambda=4$$ $$\vec{u} = \hat{i} + \hat{j} + 4\hat{k}$$ $$\vec{w} = 2i+ j + \hat{k}$$ $$\cos \theta = \dfrac{\vec{u}.\vec{w}}{|\vec{u}| | \vec{w}|} = \dfrac{(\hat{i}+\hat{j}+4\hat{k}).(2i + j + k)}{\sqrt{1+1+16}\sqrt{4+1+1}}$$ $$= \dfrac{2+1+4}{\sqrt{18} \sqrt{6}} = \dfrac{7}{6\sqrt{3}}$$ $$\therefore$$ $$\boxed{\cos \theta= \dfrac{7}{6\sqrt{3}}}....Answer$$ Hence option $$D$$ is the answer


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