Animal Physiology: Circulation and Excretion
Describe the evolutionary change in the pattern of heart among the vertebrates.
Which animal has most mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in the ventricles?
In fishes (e.g., Scoliodon) the heart pumps out deoxygenated blood which is oxygenated by the gills and supplied to the body parts from where deoxygenated blood is returned to the heart (single circulation).
In amphibians (e.g., Frog) and reptiles, the left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the gills/lungs/skin and the right atrium gets the deoxygenated blood from other body parts. However, they get mixed up in the single ventricle which pumps out mixed blood (incomplete double circulation).
In birds and mammals (e.g., Rabbit), oxygenated and deoxygenated blood received by the left and right atria respectively passes on to the ventricles of the same sides. The ventricles pump it out without any mixing up, i.e., two separate circulatory pathways are present in these organisms, hence, these animals have double circulation.
Describe the evolutionary change in the pattern of heart among the vertebrates.
Number of chambers in the heart of cockroach is
Heart of cockroach is
Single heart circuit occurs in:
Heart of frog differs from that of rabbit by presence of
Heart of fishes is
Heart of fish receive
Right atrium of rabbit receives
In rabbit, oxygenated blood flows from
Heart of elephant is