Single Choice

Which of the following alkanes can be synthesized by the Wurtz reaction in good yield?

A$$(CH_3)_2CH - CH_2 - CH (CH_3)_2$$
B$$(CH_3)_2CH - CH_2 - CH_2 - CH(CH_3)_2$$
Correct Answer
C$$CH_3 - CH_2 - C(CH_3)_2CH_2 - CH_3$$
D$$(CH_3)_3C - CH_2 - CH_2 - CH_3$$

Solution

$$\bf{Hint:}$$ The Wurtz reaction gives maximum yield when we use symmetric alkanes.

$$\bf{Correct \ answer:}$$ Option $$B$$

$$\bf{Explanation \ for \ correct \ option:}$$

An even number of symmetrical alkyl halides can easily undergo Wurtz reaction as these form symmetrical alkanes which have uniform physical or chemical properties.
A general form of Wurtz reaction is

$$\bf{2RX + 2Na \rightarrow R-R + 2NaX}$$

Here, $$R$$ denotes any alkyl group, and $$X$$ is a halogen atom.

Asymmetric alkanes are not favorable to prepare by Wurtz reaction as the mixture of different products formed which are very difficult to seperate.
In the given options, $$B$$ is a symmetric alkane that can be easily prepared by the Wurtz reaction.

$$\bf{Explanation \ for \ incorrect \ options:}$$

All given alkanes except $$B$$ are not symmetrical with the odd number of carbon atoms in the parent chain, hence, these are not favoured to give a good yield by Wurtz reaction.

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