Match the following. (A) Simple distillation (i) To separate the liquids which are steam volatile, insoluble in water and contains non-volatile impurities. (B) Fractional distillation (ii) To separate liquids which decompose at a temperature below their normal boiling points (C) Vacuum distillation (iii) To separate two or more liquids which have boiling points close to each other. (D) Steam distillation (iv) To separate liquid from non-volatile impurities.
$$\text {Simple Distillation}$$ is used to separate volatile liquid from non volatile impurities or two volatile liquids having significant boiling point difference. When two liquids have different boiling points, they vapourise at different temperatures.
If the boiling points of two liquids is close to each other, they are separated by fractional distillation. Usually the difference in the boiling points of two liquids to be separated by $$\text {Fractional distillation}$$ is 30 deg C or more.
$$\text {Vacuum distillation}$$ or distillation under reduced pressure as the method is used for the purification of high boiling liquids and liquids which decompose at or below their boiling points.
$$\text {Steam distillation}$$ is employed for those liquids which are insoluble in water, containing non-volatile impurities and are steam volatile.
(A)-(iv), (B)-(iii), (C)-(ii), (D)-(i)
Option B is correct.
A flask contains a mixture of isohexane and 3-methylphentane. One of the liquids boils at $$63\ ^oC$$ while the other boils at $$60\ ^o \text{C}$$. What is the best way to separate the two liquids and which one will be distilled out first?
The distillation technique most suited for separating glycerol from spent-lye in the soap industry is :
Give a brief description of the principles of distillation.
Glycerin can be purified by:
Distillation under reduced pressure is generally used to purify those liquid which:
Glycerol decomposes at its boiling point $$(563\,K)$$. Discuss a method which can used for its purification.
Give a brief description of the principles of the following process taking an example. Distillation under reduced pressure.
Glycerol, which decomposes at its boiling point can be purified by :
Distillation under reduced pressure is employed for :
Fill in the blanks : Liquids which decompose at or below their boiling points are purified by .............